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Macam Jenis-Jenis Vitamin dan Fungsinya Bagi Kesehatan Tubuh

Mesothelioma is a form of cancer which occurs in thin membranes (called the mesothelium) lining the chest, lungs, abdomen and sometimes the heart. Although quite rare, mesothelioma symptoms strike more than 200 people each year in the United States. The majority of mesothelioma cases are directly linked to asbestos exposure. Because of the long latency period of mesothelioma, the average age of patients is between 50 and 70 years. Mesothelioma affects men most due to the high exposure of asbestos in industrial typed jobs. Mesothelioma symptoms include respiratory problems, shortness of breath, continual cough and pneumonia. Other mesothelioma symptoms include weight loss, abdominal problems and swelling. In some mesothelioma patients, the mesothelioma symptoms are quite muted, making it hard for mesothelioma doctors to diagnose. Mesothelioma doctors specialize in the study, research, and treatments of Mesothelioma cancers. 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In this treatment, light and drugs are used to kill cancer cells during surgery for early stages of mesothelioma in the chest. Although there are numerous treatments and drugs for mesothelioma, doctors are losing the battle against this deadly disease. Most mesothelioma treatments involve old techniques combined with different drug cocktails. However, in most cases, these mesothelioma treatments have many side effects including organ damage, nausea, increase in heart failure etc. The rush to find a more effective mesothelioma treatment or even cure is ongoing at numerous clinical labs across the nation. Let's hope that the mesothelioma treatments will one day erradicate mesothelioma cancer and asbestosis. 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Macam Jenis-Jenis Vitamin dan Fungsinya Bagi Kesehatan Tubuh - Tahukah anda apa itu vitamin ?. Vitamin merupakan nutrisi penting yang dibutuhkan tubuh untuk tumbuh dan menjalankan fungsinya dengan baik. Berbeda dengan mineral yang tidak mudah rusak, vitamin mudah rusak dan berubah bentuk jika terkena panas atau asam.


Struktur vitamin akan berubah ketika masuk ke dalam tubuh. Tubuh tidak menyerap vitamin dalam bentuk awal, melainkan diserap dalam bentuk provitamin (vitamin yang belum aktif). Vitamin memiliki sifat mudah larut dalam air dan lemak, namun tidak dengan mineral.

Fungsi vitamin dalam tubuh berbeda-beda tergantung jenisnya. Dan berikut ini jenis-jenis vitamin beserta sumber, fungsi serta akibat dari kekurangan vitamin tersebut (defisiensi).

Macam-Macam Vitamin dan Fungsinya


1. Vitamin A (Retinol)

Fungsi: mengoptimalkan perkembangan janin, meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh, anti aging, anti oksidan dan memerangi penyakit malaria.
Sumber: hati, minyak ikan, daging, susu, wortel, serta sayuran dan buah berwarna orange.
Kekurangan vitamin A dapat mengkaibatkan rabun senja, katarak, infeksi saluran pernapasan, menurunnya daya tahan tubuh dan kulit yang tidak sehat

2. Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)

Fungsi: membantu proses oksidasi tubuh untuk memperoleh energi dan mencegah penyakit beri-beri
Sumber: kacang hijau, daging, kulit beras, sayuran dan roti
Kekurangan vitamin B1 menyebabkan kulit kering dan bersisik serta daya tahan tubuh berkurang

3. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Fungsi: pernapasan dalam sel (respirasi selular), menjaga keutuhan jaringan saraf, dan mempercepat pemindahan rangsang sinar ke saraf mata.
Sumber: hati, telur, susu dan ragi
Kekurangan vitamin B2 dapat mengakibatkan turunnya daya tahan tubuh, kulit kerng bersisik, mulut kering, bibir pecah-pecah, sariawan

4. Vitamin B3 (Niasin)

Fungsi: membantu pembebasan energi dari makanan dan sintesis asam lemak.
Sumber: hati, telur, jamur dan kacang tanah.
Kekurangan vitamin B3 mengakibatkan terganggunya sistem pencernaan, otot mudah keram dan kejang, insomnia, badan lemas, mudah muntah dan mual-mual.

5. Vitamin B5 (asam pantotenat)

Fungsi: membantu metabolsime karbohidrat, protein dan lemak dalam tubuh

Sumber: daging, susu, sayur hijau, ginjal, hati dan kacang hijau
Kekurangan vitamin B5 mengakibatkan otot mudah menjadi kram, sulit tidur, gangguan emosi

6. Vitamin B6 (pridoksin)

Fungsi: membantu mencerna protein dan respirasi selular
Sumber: telur, daging, kentang dan kubis
Kekurangan vitamin B6 menyebabkan pelagra (kulit pecah-pecah), keram pada otot dan insomnia (sulit tidur)

7. Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Fungsi: Metabolisme Energi, pertumbuhan rambut dan kuku, menurunkan berat badan dan menjaga kadar gula dalam darah.
Sumber: Swiss chard, roti gandum, telur ayam, wortel, susu, keju, ikan salmon dan kacang-kacangan
Kekurangan vitamin B7 dapat menimbulkan penyakit Dermatitis, Hyperesthesia dan Paresthesia, Keratokonjungtivitis, Anorexia, Anemia dan terganggunya fungsi jantung.

8. Vitamin B9 (Asam Folat)

Fungsi: pembentukan sel darah merah, perbaikan DNA, Perkembangan bayi, pembentukan jaringan tubuh, mengoptimalkan fungsi otak, pertumbuhan rambut.
Sumber: selada, bayam, asparagus, semangka, belewah, biji bunga matahari, kacang-kacangan, hati dan kuning telur.
Kekurangan vitamin B9 dapat menyebabkan terganggunya fungsi otak, pertumbuhan tulang belakang, sariawan, diare, dll.

9. Vitamin B12 (kobalamin)

Fungsi: pembentukan sel darah merah, sintesis asam nukleat dan pembelahan sel.
Sumber: daging, telur, susu, hati dan ragi (makanan hasil fermentasi)
Kekurangan vitamin B12 menyebabkan anemia (kurang darah) dan mudah lelah

10. Vitamin C (asam askorbat)

Fungsi: menjaga ketahanan tubuh terhadap penyakit infeksi dan racun, menurunkan kolesterol, serta mencegah penyakit jantung (dalam dosis tinggi), hipertensi, diabetes melitus dan kanker
Sumber: buah-buahan misalnya jeruk, tomat, pepaya dan sayuran hijau lainnya
Kekurangan vitamin C dapat mengakibatkan mudah infeksi pada luka, gusi berdarah dan rasa nyeri pada persendian.

11. Vitamin D (Kalsiferol)

Fungsi: meningkatkan penyerapan kalsium dan fosfor untuk kesehatan tulang dan gigi.
Sumber: susu, minyak ikan, dam kuning telur
Kekurangan vitamin D menyebabkan gigi rusak, kejang-kejang otot, rakitis (kaki berbentuk O)

12. Vitamin E (Tokoferol)

Fungsi: berberan penting dalam sistem reproduksi dan mencegah penyakit kanker paru-paru.
Sumber: biji-bijian, sayuran, telur, mentega dan susu
Kekurangan vitamin E dapat menyebabkan kemandulan

13. Vitamin K (Koagulasi)

Fungsi: berperan dalam pembekuan darah dan dapat mencegah keguguran
Sumber: bayam, tomat, wortel
Kekurangan vitamin K mengakibatkan darah sulit membeku jika terluka dan pendarahan di dalam tubuh.

Demikianlah macam jenis-jenis vitamin dan fungsinya bagi kesehatan tubuh manusia. Semoga informasi diatas bermanfaat untuk anda.
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